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Python Django Framework

Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. It follows the "batteries-included" philosophy, providing everything you need to build a robust web application out of the box.

Installation

pip install django

Creating a Project

To start a new Django project:

django-admin startproject myproject
cd myproject

Running the Server

python manage.py runserver

Creating an App

A project can contain multiple apps. To create one:

python manage.py startapp myapp

Important: You must add 'myapp' to the INSTALLED_APPS list in myproject/settings.py.

Views and URLs

View (`myapp/views.py`)

A view function takes a web request and returns a web response.

from django.http import HttpResponse

def index(request):
    return HttpResponse("Hello, world!")

URL Configuration (`myapp/urls.py`)

Create a urls.py file in your app directory to map URLs to views.

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path('', views.index, name='index'),
]

Project URLs (`myproject/urls.py`)

Include the app's URLs in the main project configuration.

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import include, path

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('myapp/', include('myapp.urls')),
]

Templates

Django has a powerful template engine to separate design from Python code.

Create a templates directory in your app folder.
Inside that, create a folder with your app name (e.g., myapp/templates/myapp/).
Create index.html.

<h1>Hello, {{ name }}!</h1>

Update the view to render the template:

from django.shortcuts import render

def index(request):
    context = {'name': 'Django'}
    return render(request, 'myapp/index.html', context)

Models (Database)

Define your data structure in myapp/models.py. Django uses an ORM (Object-Relational Mapper).

from django.db import models

class Question(models.Model):
    question_text = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')

    def __str__(self):
        return self.question_text

Migrations

Apply changes to the database schema.

# Create migration files based on model changes
python manage.py makemigrations

# Apply migrations to the database
python manage.py migrate

Admin Interface

Django provides a built-in admin interface to manage data.

Create a superuser:
```
python manage.py createsuperuser
```
Register your models in myapp/admin.py:

from django.contrib import admin
from .models import Question

admin.site.register(Question)

Visit http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/ and log in.

programming/python/python

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Created: March 17, 2026 • Last Modified: January 28, 2026

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